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            <h1 id="seo-header">bochs-linux0-12-环境搭建</h1>
            
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                    本文最后更新于：2023年12月29日 下午
                  
                
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                <p>折腾了一个上午，终于搭建好 bochs 安装和 linux0.12
环境搭建，所以想记录一下，避免以后忘记。</p>
<hr />
<h1 id="环境">环境</h1>
<p>操作系统：Ubuntu 22.04 LST</p>
<p>bochs 版本：2.7</p>
<p>测试的linux版本：0.12（软盘启动）</p>
<p>参考书籍：《linux0.12完全注释》，赵炯</p>
<h1 id="流程">流程</h1>
<h2 id="安装-bochs">安装 bochs</h2>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs bash">sudo apt install bochs bochs-x<br><span class="hljs-comment"># bochs 是 IA-32 PC emulator</span><br><span class="hljs-comment"># bochs-x 是 X11 plugin for Bochs, 因为 bochs 需要运行在 X11 桌面协议下</span><br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="下载-linux-0.12系统软件包">下载 linux-0.12系统软件包</h2>
<p>赵炯老师书里给的链接是
http://oldlinux.org/Linux.old/bochs/linux-0.12-080324.zip 。</p>
<p>下载并解压后文件夹结构如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight yaml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs yaml"><span class="hljs-string">linux-0.12-080324</span><br><span class="hljs-string">├──</span> <span class="hljs-string">Bochs-2.3.6.exe</span><br><span class="hljs-string">├──</span> <span class="hljs-string">SYSTEM.MAP</span><br><span class="hljs-string">├──</span> <span class="hljs-string">bochs-2.3.6-1.i586.rpm</span><br><span class="hljs-string">├──</span> <span class="hljs-string">bochsout.txt</span><br><span class="hljs-string">├──</span> <span class="hljs-string">bochsrc-0.12-fd.bxrc</span><br><span class="hljs-string">├──</span> <span class="hljs-string">bochsrc-0.12-hd.bxrc</span><br><span class="hljs-string">├──</span> <span class="hljs-string">bochsrc-sample.txt</span><br><span class="hljs-string">├──</span> <span class="hljs-string">bootimage-0.12-fd</span><br><span class="hljs-string">├──</span> <span class="hljs-string">bootimage-0.12-hd</span><br><span class="hljs-string">├──</span> <span class="hljs-string">debug.bat</span><br><span class="hljs-string">├──</span> <span class="hljs-string">diska.img</span><br><span class="hljs-string">├──</span> <span class="hljs-string">diskb.img</span><br><span class="hljs-string">├──</span> <span class="hljs-string">linux-0.12-README</span><br><span class="hljs-string">├──</span> <span class="hljs-string">rootimage-0.12-fd</span><br><span class="hljs-string">└──</span> <span class="hljs-string">rootimage-0.12-hd</span><br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>我这里需要用到的是</p>
<ul>
<li>bochsrc-0.12-fd.bxrc ，软盘启动的配置文件</li>
<li>bootimage-0.12-fd ，启动映像</li>
<li>rootimage-0.12-fd ，根文件映像</li>
<li>bochsout.txt ，debug的输出文件</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="运行-linux0.12">运行 linux0.12</h2>
<p>运行命令：</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs bash">bochs -f bochsrc-0.12-fd.bxrc<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>实际情况下，当运行这句命令后，会出现若干问题，我这里展示我所所遇到的。</p>
<h3 id="常见问题">常见问题</h3>
<p>（1）<strong>directive 'vga_update_interval' not
understood</strong>：
原因：Bochs版本过新，不兼容一些旧选项，将.bxrc中的vga_update_interval删除掉</p>
<p>（2）<strong>Bochs黑屏</strong>： 在终端输入c</p>
<img src="/myblog/2023/12/29/bochs-linux0-12-%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E6%90%AD%E5%BB%BA/image-20231229162258808.png" srcset="/myblog/img/loading.gif" lazyload class="" title="image-20231229162258808">
<p>（3）<strong>bx_dbg_read_linear: physical memory read
error</strong>：</p>
<ol type="a">
<li><p>将bochsrc文件中第10行vgaromimage:
/usr/share/vgabios/vgabios.bin改为 vgaromimage:
file=/usr/share/vgabios/vgabios.bin 或 vgaromimage:
file=/usr/share/bochs/VGABIOS-lgpl-latest</p></li>
<li><p>从
https://github.com/bochs-emu/Bochs/raw/REL_2_7_FINAL/bochs/bios/BIOS-bochs-latest
下载该文件，修改 romimage: file=该文件路径，或者将位于
<code>/usr/share/bochs/</code> 下的 <code>BIOS-bochs-latest</code>
替换成 该文件。</p></li>
</ol>
<p>（4）<strong>看到insert root floppy and press ENTER</strong>：</p>
<p>解决：https://www.cnblogs.com/raina/p/13212177.html</p>
<p>点击右上角的config, 会出现"Bochs Runtime Options"；</p>
<img src="/myblog/2023/12/29/bochs-linux0-12-%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E6%90%AD%E5%BB%BA/image-20231229162314479.png" srcset="/myblog/img/loading.gif" lazyload class="" title="image-20231229162314479">
<p>然后更改floppy disk
0的名字为同目录下的rootimage-0.12-fd，不断继续回车，这时软件会自动识别；</p>
<img src="/myblog/2023/12/29/bochs-linux0-12-%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E6%90%AD%E5%BB%BA/image-20231229162329510.png" srcset="/myblog/img/loading.gif" lazyload class="" title="image-20231229162329510">
<p>重新出现"Bochs Runtime Options"后选择"Continue simulation"</p>
<img src="/myblog/2023/12/29/bochs-linux0-12-%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E6%90%AD%E5%BB%BA/image-20231229162342379.png" srcset="/myblog/img/loading.gif" lazyload class="" title="image-20231229162342379">
<p>（5）<strong>timeout! no client present</strong>：</p>
<p>安装bochs-x，命令为 sudo apt install bochs-x</p>

                
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